Isolated bilateral macrodontia of mandibular second premolars: A case report.

Isolated bilateral macrodontia of mandibular second premolars is an extremely rare dental anomaly with only 5 cases reported to date. This case report presents clinical and radiographic findings of isolated bilateral macrodontia in a 12-year-old child. The patient was referred to the clinic with local crowding of mandibular posterior teeth. Radiographic findings revealed the presence of impacted macrodont mandibular second premolars and their distinct morphological appearance, characterized by large, multitubercular, molariform crowns, and tapering, single roots. Following surgical removal of the impacted premolars, orthodontic therapy was initiated to correct the malocclusion. Along with the features and treatment of this rare anomaly, this case report also illustrates the benefits, in terms of treatment planning and surgical technique, of supplementing conventional radiography with cone-beam computed tomography to localize the macrodont premolars and accurately establish their relationship with the neighboring roots and anatomic structures.

Management of cervical root fracture using orthodontic extrusion and crown reattachment: a case report.

Root fractures involve damage to pulp, cementum, dentin, and periodontal ligaments. These injuries affect 0.5% to 7% of permanent teeth. Cervical root fractures are less frequently seen and have a worse prognosis compared with the fractures in the apical or middle third of the root. This case report describes the treatment of a cervical root fracture in a maxillary central incisor. After removal of the coronal fragment, the root was filled temporarily with calcium hydroxide and orthodontic extrusion was initiated. The remaining root portion was elevated above the epithelial attachment and a successful coronal restoration was made using the natural crown of the traumatized tooth.

Reattachment of a fractured permanent molar cusp: a 12-month follow-up.

A posterior crown fracture due to acute trauma is an uncommon type of dental injury. This case report presents combined endodontic-bioadhesive treatment of a complicated crown fracture of a permanent molar due to a horse riding accident. Endodontic therapy was initiated following surgical removal of the fractured mesiolingual cusp, which was stored frozen until bonding procedures could be carried out. Subgingival and proximal contours of the missing cusp were maintained by an interim glass-ionomer restoration during endodontic therapy. Following root-canal obturation, the fractured cusp was reattached using a total-etch adhesive and composite resin system. The patient was recalled at 1, 3, 6 and 12 months, demonstrating excellent clinical and radiographic findings.

An unusual developmental disturbance of an unerupted permanent incisor due to trauma to its predecessor - a case report.

Developmental disturbances of unerupted permanent tooth result from trauma to primary tooth as there is a close proximity between the root of the primary tooth and its permanent successor. The damage to the unerupted permanent tooth occurs by the transmission of traumatic forces to the permanent tooth germ. In the present case, however, a developmental disturbance on the permanent maxillary central incisor resulting from a direct effect of the inversely intruded primary maxillary central incisor is presented. The intruded tooth was extracted under general anesthesia. Upon eruption of the permanent central incisor, a localized crown malformation along with enamel hypoplasia which was not classified as a developmental disturbance before was observed. The damaged sites were restored with a light-cured composite resin.

Comparison of conventional, rotary, and ultrasonic preparation, different final irrigation regimens, and 2 sealers in primary molar root canal therapy.

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to compare the shaping effectiveness rotary nickel-titanium (Profile .04 ISO), ultrasonic (K-Type/Satelec), and stainless-steel hand file (K-file/Maillefer) instrumentation and to assess tubular penetration of 2 gutta percha sealers (AH Plus and Sealite-Ultra) following 4 different final irrigation regimens in primary molar roots. METHODS: Distal roots of extracted human primary second molars were prepared with 1 of the 3 instrumentation techniques. Direct digital radiographs were obtained on a custom-made platform before and after instrumentations. The amount of dentin removal, canal transportation, centering of preparation, changes in root curvature and working length, and zip formation were evaluated using image analysis. RESULTS: While no significant differences were found between the 3 preparation techniques in regards to dentin removal (P > .05), ultrasonic instrumentation significantly increased the incidence of zip formation (P < .05) and decreased working length (P < .05). Following final irrigation with 2.5% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCL), 10% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), 17% EDTA, or distilled water (control), tubular penetration of the tested sealers were investigated under scanning electron microscope. Use of AH Plus after 17% EDTA irrigation exhibited the best tubular penetration. CONCLUSIONS: Root canal preparation with Profile .04 ISO nickel titanium instruments can be a viable alternative to manual instrumentation in primary teeth. When used as a gutta percha sealer, AH Plus exhibits good tubular penetration when 17% EDTA is used for final flush.